| 1_ | NTSC: Introduction |
| 2_ | Scanning, Timing/Sync, Sync Recovery, Numbers |
| 3_ | Gain & Offset, D.C. Restoration, Gamma Correction |
| 4_ | Resolution, Bandwidth, Spectrum |
| 5_ | Color Physics: Eye, CIE |
| 6_ | Color Encoding: Color Bars, Camera,
RGB, YIQ, Color Subcarrier |
| 7_ | Color Decoding: |
| 8_ | Digital TV/Graphics: ADC-DAC, Frame Buffers, Timebase Correction, VGA |
| 9_ | VCR: Spectrum, Circuits |
| 10_ | Circuits & Practices: D.C. Restore, Proc Amps, DAs |
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Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
Showing Electro- static & Electro- magnetic Deflection. Note that Electro-magnetic deflection coil's influence is 90 from its axis.
Electro-static is Fast; CRTs are Large & expensive. |
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Raster Scan Deflection Waveforms
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| Figure shows Horizontal & Vertical Sweep Voltage Waveforms, and their relative timing Relationships. |
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Interlace Raster Scan
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| Illustration of scanning beam on CRT face during Interlace scan. |
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Interlaced Scan
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| Illustration of how Interlacing is accompolished. |
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Raster Scan Synchronization Waveforms
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NTSC/RS-170A, complete set of waveforms, including Composite Blanking.
Note Color Subcarrier phasing (in red). |
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Horizontal Sync Complex
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Illustrating "Front Porch," "Sync Tip," "Back Porch" with Color Burst riding on it.
The interval between the end of the sync tip & the start of the burst is sometimes refered to as the "Breeze -way." Note also, the "Burst Flag" (D.C. Restore clamp). |
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Vertical Sync Recovery
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| Vertical sync recovery by Integration of composite sync waveform. |
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So-called "Hammerhead" waveform
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| Normally invisible waveform of the "Vertical Interval," showing the relationship of the Horizontal sync Pulses; Pre-Equalization Pulses; Serration Pulses; Post-Equalization Pulses; Color Burst, etc. |
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Sync Seperator
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| Circuit for the recovery of both, Horizontal Sync & Vertical Sync, as well as, Even/Odd Field Flag. |
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Sync Seperator
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| Sync Separator with "Noise" pulse suppression--used in terrestrial receivers & VTR/VCRs. |
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Horizontal Deflection
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| Horizontal deflection circuit, showing Drive transistor, Damper diode, Deflection Coil, Resonating & linearizing Capacitors; with High Voltage Fly-back transformer (tuned to third harmonic of scanning frequency). |
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Horiz Deflection Sequence
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| "L" & "C" Charge Discharge sequencing related to horizontal scan beam position. |
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Broadcast Spectrum Shaping
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NTSC Broadcast signal uses Vestigial SideBand (VSB) transmission, with properly bandlimited "I" & "Q" chroma information.
Note also, the aural carrier @ 4.5 MHz. In practice, this is inserted as a highlevel aural transmitter output at the transmitting antenna. |
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Television-For-EEs
Television Technology for Engineers, Technicians & Hobbyists
| Television encompasses more subject areas than any other single technology. You learn switching power supplies, perception, wireless communications, ergonomics, physics: --the list is endless... |
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| Electro-magnetic is Slow; CRTs are small & inexpensive. Almost ALL Image displays use Electro-magnetic deflection! |
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Interlaced Scan Color Display
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | In NTSC Television Broadcast signals, the Video information is Amplitude Modulation (AM); the Aural information is Frequency Modulation (FM). | |
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